Kobudō (古武道), meaning “ancient martial way,” is a generic term for the traditional martial arts of Okinawa, Japan. Unlike empty-hand martial arts like karate, kobudō focuses on the use of various weapons. These weapons were commonly used by the Okinawan people for self-defense and warfare.

The history of kobudō is deeply intertwined with the history of Okinawa itself. During the feudal era, the Okinawan people were forbidden from carrying swords, leading them to develop skills in using improvised weapons like farming tools and household items. Over time, these weapons were adapted and refined into effective martial arts tools.

Some of the most common weapons used in kobudō include:

• Bo: 棒 A long staff
• Sai: 釵 A three-pronged fork-like weapon
• Tonfa: トンファー A short club with a perpendicular handle
• Kama: 鎌 A sickle
• Nunchaku: ヌンチャク Two sticks connected by a chain
• Surujin: スルジン A long rope with weights attached to each end

Kobudō was largely passed down through oral tradition and secret teachings within families and clans. It wasn’t until the 20th century that kobudō began to gain wider recognition and popularity. Masters like Taira Shinken and Chojun Miyagi played key roles in preserving and promoting these ancient martial arts.

Today, kobudō is practiced worldwide, offering practitioners a unique opportunity to connect with the rich history and culture of Okinawa while developing practical self-defense skills and mental discipline.